Programming in C

• The C Program
• The Minimum C Program
• A more useful minimal C program
• Creating, Compiling and Running Your Program
• Creating the program
• Compilation
• Running the program
• The C Compilation Model
• The Preprocessor
• C Compiler
• Assembler
• Link Editor
• Using Libraries
• Characteristics of C
• History of C
• Exercises
• Basic C Programming
• C Program Structure
• Variables
• Defining Global Variables
• Printing Out and Inputting Variables
• Arithmetic Operations
• Comparison Operators
• Logical Operators
• Order of Precedence
• Exercises
• Conditionals
• The if statement
• The ? operator
• The switch statement
• Exercises
• Looping and Iteration
• The for statement
• The while statement
• The do-while statement
• break and continue
• Exercises
• Arrays
• Single and Multi-dimensional Arrays
• Strings
• Exercises
• Functions
• void functions
• Functions and Arrays
• Function Prototyping
• Exercises
• Further Data Types
• Structures
• Defining New Data Types
• Unions
• Coercion or Type-Casting
• Enumerated Types
• Static Variables
• Exercises
• Common Mistakes in C
• Assignment (=) vs Comparison (==)
• Passing pointer address
• Missing () of a function
• Array indices
• Character arrays and pointers
• C is Case Sensitive
• Semicolons end every statement
• Pointers
• What is a Pointer?
• Pointer and Functions
• Pointers and Arrays
• Arrays of Pointers
• Multidimensional arrays and pointers
• Static Initialisation of Pointer Arrays
• Pointers and Structures
• Common Pointer Pitfalls
• Not assigning a pointer to memory address before using it
• Illegal indirection
• Exercises
• Dynamic Memory Allocation
• Malloc
• Linked Lists
• Exercises
• Input and Output (I/O)
• Streams
• Predefined Streams
• Redirection
• Basic I/O
• Formatted I/O
• Printf
• scanf
• Files
• Reading and writing FILES
• sprintf and sscanf
• Command line input
• Low Level I/O
• Exercises
• Low Level Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Bit Fields
• Exercises
• The C Preprocessor
• #define
• #undef
• #include
• #if - Conditional inclusion
• Exercises
• Writing Larger Programs
• Header files
• External variables and functions
• Scope of externals
• The Make Utility
• Make Programming
• Creating a makefile
• Make macros
• Running Make
• UNIX and C
• Advantages of using UNIX with C
• Using UNIX System Calls and Library Functions
• File and Directory Manipulation
• Directory handling functions
• File Manipulation Routines
• errno
• Process Control and Management
• Running UNIX Commands from C
• execl()
• fork()
• wait()
• exit()
• Piping in a C program
• popen() - Formatted Piping
• pipe() - Low level Piping
• Interrupts and Signals
• Sending Signals - kill()
• Receiving signals - signal()
• Times Up!!
• Exercises
• Ceilidh - On Line C Tutoring System
• Why Use CEILIDH ?
• Introduction
• Using Ceilidh as a Student
• The course and unit level
• The exercise level
• Interpreted language exercises
• Question/answer exercises
• The command line interface (TEXT CEILIDH ONLY)
• Advantages of the command line interface
• General points
• Conclusions
• How Ceilidh works, Ceilidh Course Notes, User Guides etc.
• References
• Common C Compiler Options
• Compiler Options
• C Standard Library Functions
• Buffer Manipulation
• Character Classification and Conversion
• Data Conversion
• Directory Manipulation
• File Manipulation
• Input and Output
• Stream 1/0
• Low level I/O
• Mathematics
• Memory Allocation
• Process Control
• Searching and Sorting
• String Manipulation
• Time
• Program Listings
• hello.c
• printf.c
• swap.c
• args.c
• arg.c
• average.c
• cio.c
• factorial
• power.c
• ptr_arr.c
• Modular Example
• main.c
• WriteMyString.c
• header.h
• Makefile
• static.c
• malloc.c
• queue.c
• bitcount.c
• lowio.c
• print.c
• cdir.c
• list.c
• list_c.c
• fork_eg.c
• fork.c
• signal.c
• sig_talk.c
• Piping
• plot.c
• plotter.c
• externals.h
• random.c
• time.c
• timer.c
• Using Dec Workstations and Unix
• About this document ...